人妻少妇偷人精品无码丨色婷婷av久久久久久久丨欧美xxxx做受性欧美88丨欧洲女人牲交视频免费丨亚洲精品久久久av无码专区

The cells are completely dependent on interleukin 3 (IL-3) or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) for long term growth. 

The cells DO NOT RESPOND to interleukin 5 (IL-5). TF-1 cells respond to a variety of other lymphokines and cytokines such as interleukin 1 (IL-1), interleukin 4 (IL-4), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 9 (IL-9),Interleukin 11 (IL-11), interleukin 13 (IL-13), stem cell factor (SCF), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and nerve growth factor (NGF). TF-1 cells do not express glycophorin A or carbonyl anhydrase I. 

The morphological and cytochemical features, and the constitutive expression of globin genes, indicate the commitment of the cells to the erythroid lineage. Hemin and delta-aminolevulinic acid induce hemoglobin synthesis, and TPA induces dramatic differentiation of the TF-1 cells into macrophage-like cells. 

The TF-1 cell line is unique because of its responsiveness to multiple cytokines.

Kitamura T, et al. IL-1 up-regulates the expression of cytokine receptors on a factor- dependent human hemopoietic cell line, TF-1. Int. Immunol. 3: 571-577, 1991. PubMed: 1832294

Kitamura T, et al. Identification and analysis of human erythropoietin receptors on a factor-dependent cell line, TF-1. Blood 73: 375-380, 1989. PubMed: 2537111

Kitamura T, et al. Establishment and characterization of a unique human cell line that proliferates dependently on GM-CSF, IL-3, or erythropoietin. J. Cell. Physiol. 140: 323-334, 1989. PubMed: 2663885

Borellini F, Glazer RI. Induction of Sp1-p53 DNA-binding heterocomplexes during granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor-dependent proliferation in human erythroleukemia cell line TF-1. J. Biol. Chem. 268: 7923-7928, 1993. PubMed: 8463313

Schulte T, et al. Molecular characterization and functional analysis of murine interleukin 4 receptor allotypes. J. Exp. Med. 186: 1419-1429, 1997. PubMed: 9348299

Mueller CG, et al. Polymerase chain reaction selects a novel disintegrin proteinase from CD40-activated germinal center dendritic cells. J. Exp. Med. 186: 655-663, 1997. PubMed: 9271581

Limon A, et al. High-titer retroviral vectors containing the enhanced green fluorescent protein gene for efficient expression in hematopoietic cells. Blood 90: 3316-3321, 1997. PubMed: 9345013

Hu X, et al. Prolonged activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway is required for macrophage-like differentiation of a human myeloid leukemic cell line. Cell Growth Differ. 11: 191-200, 2000. PubMed: 10775036

USP Monographs: Sargramostim. Rockville, MD: U.S. Pharmacopeia; USP USP34-NF29, 2011